由于积极推进人口城镇化和产业结构升级，实施城市带动农村、工业反哺农业的发展战略，人口城镇化率以每年超过1个百分点的速度增长。采取多种措施和合理规划，引导农村富余劳动力向非农产业转移，努力改善农民进城务工环境，促进农村劳动力有序流动。2010年第六次人口普查时，新生代流动人口已经超过流动人口半数，总量达1.18亿。全国流动人口动态监测数据显示，2012年流动人口的平均年龄约为28岁，超过一半的劳动年龄流动人口出生于1980年以后。

与此同时，流动人口管理与服务体系却严重滞后，亟待完善。庞大的流动迁移人口对城市基础设施和公共服务构成巨大压力。 流动人口就业、子女受教育、医疗卫生、社会保障以及计划生育等方面的权利得不到有效保障，严重制约着人口的有序流动和合理分布，统筹城乡、区域协调发展面临困难。

据国家统计局2012年统计显示：居住在城镇的人口为71,182万人，占52.57%；居住在乡村的人口为64,222万人，占47.42%。

下表为我国2013-2014年最新城市人口排名

排名省市代号城市或地区人口（万人）GDP（亿元）人均 GDP（元/人）人均折美元（元/人）1渝00重庆市2884.627894.242736740432沪00上海市2301.9116872.4273297108283京00北京市1961.2413777.970251103784川01成都市1404.765551.33951858385津00天津市1293.829108.8370402104006粤01广州市1270.0810604.4883495123347冀06保定市1119.442050.31831527068黑01哈尔滨市1063.63665.93446750929苏05苏州市1046.69000859931270310粤02深圳市1035.799510.91918221356411豫13南阳市1026.31955.8419057281512冀01石家庄市1016.38340133462494313鲁13临沂市1003.94240023906353114鄂01武汉市978.545515.7656367832715冀04邯郸市917.472342.225529377116浙03温州市912.212925.5732071473817鲁07潍坊市908.623090.934018502518豫16周口市895.321227.913715202619鲁02青岛市871.515666.1965016960420浙01杭州市870.045945.82683401009521豫01郑州市862.65400046369685022苏03徐州市858.052866.9333412493623陕01西安市846.783241.4938280565524赣07赣州市836.841119.4713377197625鲁17菏泽市828.781151.5813895205326粤11东莞市822.024246.2551656763127闽05泉州市812.853564.7643855647828辽01沈阳市810.62501761891914329鲁08济宁市808.192542.831463464830苏01南京市800.475010.3662593924631吉01长春市767.713369.743893648432浙02宁波市760.575125.8267394995633皖06阜阳市7607209474139934冀02唐山市757.734469.0858980871335豫14商丘市736.25114015484228736苏06南通市728.283417.8846931693337苏09盐城市726.022266.2631215461138豫17驻马店市723.071055.4514597215639粤05佛山市719.435651.52785551160440湘04衡阳市714.151420.3419889293841冀09沧州市713.41220330880456242闽01福州市711.543068.2143121637043冀05邢台市710.411210.6217041251744湘05邵阳市707.18730.3310327152645湘01长沙市704.414547.0664551953646粤15湛江市699.331402.7720059296347鲁06烟台市696.824358.4662548924048鲁01济南市681.43910.857394847849辽02大连市669.045158.1770971138950桂01南宁市666.161800.4327027399251赣11上饶市657.9790113694202352豫03洛阳市654.952321.235441523553贵07毕节地区653.64600.859192135854云01昆明市643.22120.3732966487055苏02无锡市637.265758903551334756川11南充市627.86827.8213185194857鄂10黄冈市616.21862.313994206758贵03遵义市612.7908.7614832219159豫15信阳市610.871092.2317880264160浙10台州市596.882415.1240462597761粤20揭阳市587.71008.9917168253662云03曲靖市585.51005.517173253763粤16茂名市581.781492.0925647378964鲁15聊城市578.991606.5127747409965湘07常德市571.721491.626090385466豫07新乡市570.781181.4520699305867皖01合肥市570.22702.547396700168鄂09荆州市569.17837.114707217369皖09六安市561.2676.112047178070鲁14德州市556.821657.8229773439871鄂05襄阳市550.031538.327968413172鲁09泰安市549.422051.737343551673桂09玉林市548.74835.8215232225074湘06岳阳市547.791539.3628101415175川15达州市546.81819.214981221376赣09宜春市541.9687016053237177黑12绥化市541.64733.413540200078粤04汕头市539.11203.2522319329779黑02齐齐哈尔市536.7852.615886234780浙07金华市536.162094.739069577181皖04宿州市535.3650.312148179582皖16安庆市531.1988.1118605274883陕05渭南市528.61801.4215161224084云05昭通市521.3379.627282107685湘11永州市518.02767.0114806218786豫05安阳市517.281311.325350374587晋08运城市513.4882716106237988赣01南昌市504.262207.1143770646689浙06绍兴市491.222782.7456650836890豫04平顶山市490.441312.126754395291陕04咸阳市489.481098.722446331692皖03亳州市485.1512.7810571156293鄂08孝感市481.45800.6716630245794赣08吉安市481.03720.5314979221395闽06漳州市4811400.7129121430296苏08淮安市479.991345.0728023414097桂03桂林市474.81108.6323349344998湘12怀化市474.19674.9214233210399赣04九江市472.881032.06218253224100苏13宿迁市471.561015.21215293180101豫02开封市467.62930.22198932939102苏12泰州市461.862002.58433596405103川06绵阳市461.39960.2208113074104粤09惠州市459.71729.9376315559105苏04常州市459.22976.7648249576106湘10郴州市458.181081.8236113488107川21凉山州453.28784.19173002556108鲁03淄博市453.062866.75632759347109浙04嘉兴市450.172296510037534110云07红河州450.1650.42144512135111川13宜宾市447.2870.85194732877112苏10扬州市445.982207.99495097314113粤13江门市444.891550.37348495148114吉02吉林市441.471800.6407876025115苏07连云港市439.391150.81261913869116冀10廊坊市435.881331.1305384511117冀07张家口市434.55966.12222333284118蒙06赤峰市434.121080.18248823676119冀11衡水市434.08781.5180042660120贵01贵阳市432.461121.82259413832121晋10临汾市431.66892.1206673053122湘09益阳市431.31712.27165142439123豫10许昌市430.721312.78304794502124粤08梅州市424.01612.36144422133125川04泸州市421.84714.81169452503126晋01太原市420.161778.05423186251127桂08贵港市411.88527.8128141893128鄂04宜昌市405.971547.32381145630129新10喀什地区397.9437594241392130皖08滁州市393.8695.65176652610131粤17肇庆市391.811065.9272054019132赣10抚州市391.23630.01161032379133皖11巢湖市387.3625161372384134湘02株洲市385.561274.8330644884135湘13娄底市378.56680.72179822656136桂02柳州市375.871260.3335304953137湘03湘潭市374.86894.01238493523138鲁16滨州市374.851551.52413906114139鲁04枣庄市372.931362.04365235395140晋11吕梁市372.71845.5226853351141陕03宝鸡市371.67976.09262623879142川09内江市370.28690.28186422754143粤18清远市369.841112.5300814444144川18资阳市366.51657.9179512652145辽03鞍山市364.592200603428914146甘01兰州市361.621100.39304304495147川05德阳市361.58921.3254803764148豫09濮阳市359.85774.81215323181149豫08焦作市353.991247.61352455206150闽02厦门市353.132053.74581578591151云09文山州351.8329.993771385152贵08黔东南州348.06312.5789801327153冀08承德市347.32880.5253513745154桂10百色市346.68563.51162542401155云11大理州345.6474.9137412030156陕07汉中市341.62509.7149202204157吉03四平市338.63789.1233033442158桂12河池市336.92467138612048159陕08榆林市335.141756.67524157743160鄂03十堰市334.08736.8220543258161晋04长治市333.46920.2275964076162晋02大同市331.81694.3209253091163鄂13恩施州329.03351.13106721576164川17巴中市328.38280.985541264165甘05天水市326.25300.2292021359166川08遂宁市325.26495.23152262249167晋07晋中市324.94763.8235063472168川10乐山市323.58743.92229913396169贵09黔南州323.12356110181628170川14广安市320.55537.2167592476171皖05蚌埠市316.4636.9201302974172蒙05通辽市313.921176.23374705535173辽07锦州市312.65916292984328174粤12中山市312.091826.32585198645175苏11镇江市311.341957628589285176新01乌鲁木齐市311.031311421516227177贵05铜仁地区309.24296.996011418178桂07钦州市307.97504.18163712418179晋09忻州市306.75435.4141942097180辽13朝阳市304.46654.4214943175181冀03秦皇岛市298.76930.49311454601182粤07河源市295.3477.19161592387183川12眉山市295.05552.25187172765184粤10汕尾市293.57469.99160092365185黑06大庆市290.452900.19984714750186浙05湖州市289.351301.56449826645187桂04梧州市288.22573.7199052940188吉07松原市288.111102.8382775654189鄂07荆门市287.37730.07254053753190蒙01呼和浩特市286.661865.71650849614191贵02六盘水市285.12500.64175592594192粤06韶关市282.66683.1241673570193闽09宁德市282.2736.45260973855194贵06黔西南州280.59324.52115661709195鲁10威海市280.481944.76933510242196鲁11日照市280.111025.08365965406197黑10牡丹江市279.87781279064122198闽03莆田市277.85816.98294044344199辽12铁岭市271.77722.1265703925200甘11定西市269.86156.025781854201云13楚雄州268.4404.44150692226202川02自贡市267.89647.73241793572203粤19潮州市266.98559.2209453094204蒙02包头市265.042460.89284813716205闽07南平市264.55728.73275464069206陕09安康市262.99327.06124361837207辽14葫芦岛市262.35531.4202552992208甘12陇南市256.77169.46597975209闽08龙岩市255.95991.49387375722210黑08佳木斯市255.21512.5200822966211蒙03呼伦贝尔市254.93932.01365605401212湘14湘西州254.78303.44119101759213豫11漯河市254.41682268073960214云15普洱市254.3247.397251437215皖13宣城市253.3525.7207543066216云02保山市250.6260.9104111538217闽04三明市250.34972.71388565740218川07广元市248.41321.87129571914219新12伊犁州248.26891.37359045304220鄂11咸宁市246.26520.33211293121221辽06丹东市244.47728.9298164404222云04临沧市243218.389841327223鄂02黄石市242.93687282804177224辽08营口市242.851002.4412766097225粤14阳江市242.18641.8265013915226新08阿克苏地区237.09606.3255733778227粤21云浮市236.01394.27167052468228陕10商洛市234.17285.9122091804229皖07淮南市233.4603.5258573820230吉05通化市232.52627.1269693984231云06玉溪市230.4736.5319664722232贵04安顺市229.73232.92101391498233晋05晋城市227.92730.5320514735234吉09延边州227.16545239923544235皖12芜湖市226.31108.63489897237236豫12三门峡市223.39874.39391425782237甘10庆阳市221.12357.61161732389238青01西宁市220.87628.28284464202239陕06延安市218.7885.42404855981240鄂12随州市216.22401.66185762744241蒙08乌兰察布市214.36550256583790242辽04抚顺市213.81890.2416356150243浙08衢州市212.27752.78354635239244浙11丽水市211.7644.04304224494245皖02淮北市211.4461.6218353226246桂13来宾市209.97385.24183472710247甘08平凉市206.8231.89112131656248琼01海口市204.62590.55288614263249鲁05东营市203.532359.9411595017128250吉08白城市203.31441.5217163208251新11和田地区201.44100.594994738252桂14崇左市199.43389.2195162883253宁01银川市199.31763.26382955657254桂11贺州市195.41380194462873255甘13临夏州194.67106.385465807256蒙09鄂尔多斯市194.072643.213620220120257黑03鸡西市186.22419.5225283328258辽10辽阳市185.88735.3395585844259赣03萍乡市185.45520.39280614145260辽09阜新市181.93361.1198482932261甘06武威市181.51228.77126041862262晋06朔州市171.49670.1390765772263辽05本溪市170.95860.4503297435264甘04白银市170.88311.18182112690265黑11黑河市167.39261.4156162307266蒙10巴彦淖尔市166.99608.6364455384267蒙04兴安盟161.33261.39162032393268赣02景德镇市158.75461.5290714294269豫06鹤壁市156.91427.74272604027270粤03珠海市156.021202.587707711386271桂05北海市153.93397.6258303816272川16雅安市150.73286.54190112808273湘08张家界市147.65242.48164222426274黑05双鸭山市146.26376.7257553805275新05昌吉州142.86557389895760276皖15池州市140.3300.8214403167277青02海东地区139.68173.31124071833278辽11盘锦市139.25926.5665359829279晋03阳泉市136.85429.4313774635280皖10马鞍山市136.6811.01593718770281皖17黄山市135.9309.3227593362282鲁12莱芜市129.85546.33420746215283吉06白山市129.66433.17334094935284新07巴音郭楞州127.85638499037372285宁03吴忠市127.38210164862435286云08丽江市124.5143.59115331704287宁04固原市122.82104.0384701251288新13塔城地区121.92300.2246223637289川03攀枝花市121.41523.99431586375290云10德宏州121.1140.63116131715291甘07张掖市119.95212.69177312619292吉04辽源市117.66410.1348535149293黑07伊春市114.81202.4176292604294赣05新余市113.89631.22554258187295云12版纳州113.4160.99141962097296赣06鹰潭市112.49342.7304654500297浙09舟山市112.13633.45564928345298甘09酒泉市109.59405.03369575459299川20甘孜州109.19122.83112491662300宁05中卫市108.08169.23156572313301黑04鹤岗市105.87251237093502302鄂06鄂州市104.87395.29376945568303蒙07锡林郭勒盟102.8591.25575138496304黑09七台河市92.04302328114847305川19阿坝州89.87132.76147722182306桂06防城港市86.69319.54368605445307陕02铜川市83.44187.73224983323308宁02石嘴山市72.55298.07410866069309皖14铜陵市72.4466.6644489520310藏04日喀则地区70.3386.3122711813311甘14甘南州68.9167.8498441454312琼02三亚市68.54230.79336724974313豫18济源市67.57343.4508217507314藏02昌都地区65.7567.5102661517315新03吐鲁番地区62.27185.3297594396316新14阿勒泰地区60.33134.86223543302317新04哈密地区57.24165.96289944283318藏01拉萨市55.94178.91319814724319云14怒江州53.453.3699931476320蒙11乌海市53.29391.127339410842321新09克孜勒苏州52.563872301068322黑13大兴安岭地区51.1698.18191922835323青08海西州48.93365.497469111033324甘03金昌市46.41210.51453646701325藏05那曲地区46.2451.15110621634326新06博尔塔拉州44.37128.27289104271327青05海南州44.1769.89158232337328云16迪庆州4077.1192752847329新02克拉玛依市39.1710.218163326831330青07玉树州37.8431.8684181244331藏03山南地区32.954.03164232426332青03海北州27.3354.53199522947333青04黄南州25.6743.68170152513334甘02嘉峪关市23.19183.917932211718335蒙12阿拉善盟23.13305.8913222919533336陕11杨凌示范区20.1247.29235093473337藏07林芝地区19.5153.1272164020338青06果洛州18.1720.43112451661339藏06阿里地区9.5518.5193792863

注1：人口数据来自各省市自治区第六次人口普查数据公报。

注2：GDP数据来自各市、地区的2010、2011年国民经济和社会发展统计公报，政府工作报告或其它报告。

注3：美元汇率按2010年全年平均价：1美元=6.7695元人民币计算。